Overview of Matrices in Forensic Toxicology

This course introduces the biological and alternative matrices used in forensic toxicology and their role in detecting, interpreting, and monitoring drugs and toxicologically relevant substances. Participants will review specimen collection, handling, storage, and analysis, with emphasis on how matrix selection affects findings and case interpretation. The course covers traditional matrices, including blood and urine, as well as alternative matrices such as vitreous humor, hair, oral fluid, sweat, and meconium. Participants will examine each matrix’s characteristics, collection requirements, analytical considerations, advantages, limitations, and forensic applications. Case-based examples highlight how alternative specimens can provide critical information when traditional specimens are unavailable or insufficient.